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There is no contraception that is 100% foolproof and that will be guaranteed to protect you from unwanted pregnancies or sexually transmitted infections (STIs). But many forms have been developed that are highly effective. Most of them need a doctor’s prescription. The various options are listed below:
The male condom
This is my favourite, as it is easy to use and, if put on properly and it doesn’t break, prevents pregnancies and the transmission of STIs. It is readily available at supermarkets, pharmacies and petrol stations, and is usually the cheapest form of contraception.
The female condom
More expensive than the male condom, the female condom is available without a prescription at pharmacies. It prevents STIs and pregnancies. The convenient part is that you can wear it hours in advance of sexual activity. This does away with the mood killer of stopping the foreplay to attend to the contraceptive necessities.
The intrauterine device (IUD)
This is a long-term contraceptive solution. There are two types: the copper-based device, or a hormonal one. They last up to five years and, although they do prevent pregnancies, they do not protect against sexually transmitted diseases. IUDs must be inserted by a doctor.
Oral contraceptives
Oral contraceptives, known as the Pill, are the most commonly used by women. The Pill stops you from falling pregnant, but does not protect you from STIs. The Pill is prescribed by a doctor and the woman must choose the best one for her. The Pill comes in two forms: the combined contraceptive pill containing the hormones oestrogen and progestogen, or the mini pill with only progestogen. It is important to take the Pill as prescribed and at the same time every day.
Contraceptive injection
These work like the Pill, except that one shot of the injection works for eight to 12 weeks. Many women complain of weight gain with this method and it does not protect against sexually transmitted diseases.
The vaginal contraceptive ring
This is a small, plastic ring that is inserted into the vagina and kept there for three weeks. It must be removed during your period and replaced with a new one. The ring contains the same hormones as the Pill, and provides the same kind of effective protection and side effects. A doctor’s prescription is necessary.
The contraceptive patch
This is the same as the contraceptive pill, but in the form of a patch. It is worn for three weeks and removed to allow for your menstrual cycle before it is replaced with a new one. This is another form of contraceptive that requires a doctor’s prescription.
Emergency contraceptive
This stops you from falling pregnant after unprotected sex. A single pill, it is not recommended for daily use. No prescription is necessary. It should be taken 24 hours after sex because, as the hours pass, it becomes less effective. This pill does not safeguard you from STIs.
